Origins & Consequences of Social Withdrawal and Social Anxiety
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AboutThe goals of this research program were to examine the origins and consequences of inhibited and socially anxious behavior in community-based samples. Data derived from observations of toddlers, preschoolers, and elementary schoolers with peers; observations of children with their mothers; questionnaires and interviews with parents and children; and physiological assessments (vagal tone) of child participants. For further information about this project, see the link to International Projects.
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Publications (2010-present)
Rubin, K.H. & Coplan, R.J. (2010). The Development of Shyness and Social Withdrawal. New York: Guilford.
Gazelle, H. & Rubin, K.H. (2010). Social Anxiety in Childhood: Bridging Developmental and Clinical Perspectives. New Directions in Child and Adolescent Development, Vol. 127. San Francisco: Jossey Bass.
Rubin, K.H., Bowker, J.C., & Gazelle, H. (2010). Social withdrawal in childhood and adolescence: Peer relationships and social competence. In K.H. Rubin & R.J. Coplan (Eds), The Development of Shyness and Social Withdrawal in Childhood and Adolescence. (pp. 131-154). New York: Guilford.
Coplan, R.J. & Rubin, K.H. (2010). Social withdrawal and shyness in childhood: History, theories, definitions and assessment. In K.H. Rubin & R.J. Coplan (Eds), The Development of Shyness and Social Withdrawal in Childhood and Adolescence. New York: Guilford.
Hastings, P.D., Nuselovici, J.N., Rubin, K.H., & Cheah, C.S.L. (2010). Shyness, parenting, and parent-child relationships. In K.H. Rubin & R.J. Coplan (Eds), The Development of Shyness and Social Withdrawal in Childhood and Adolescence. New York: Guilford.
Kennedy Root, A.E. & Rubin, K.H. (2010). Gender and parents’ emotion socialization beliefs during the preschool years. In A.E. Kennedy Root & S. Denham (Eds.), Focus on Gender: Contributions to the Socialization of Emotional Competence. San Francisco: JosseyBass.
Gazelle, H. & Rubin, K.H. (2010). Social anxiety in childhood: Bridging Developmental and Clinical Perspectives. In H. Gazelle & K.H. Rubin (Eds). Social Anxiety in Childhood: Bridging Developmental and Clinical Perspectives. New Directions in Child and Adolescent Development. Vol. 227. San Francisco: Jossey Bass.
Bayer, J.K., Hastings, P.D., Sanson, A.V., Ukoumunne, O.C., & Rubin, K.H. (2010). Predicting mid childhood internalising difficulties: A longitudinal community study. International Journal of Mental Health Promotion, 12, 5-17.
Rubin, K.H., Kennedy Root, A.E., & Bowker, J.C. (2010). Parents, peers and social withdrawal in childhood: A relationship perspective. In H. Gazelle & K.H. Rubin (Eds). Social Anxiety in Childhood: Bridging Developmental and Clinical Perspectives. New Directions in Child and Adolescent Development. Vol. 227. San Francisco: Jossey Bass.
Rubin, K.H., Coplan, R., Bowker, J.C., & Menzer, M. (2011). Social inhibition and withdrawal in childhood. In P.K. Smith & C. Hart (Eds), Handbook of Childhood Social Development (2nd Edition). New York: Wiley-Blackwell.
Bowker, J.C., Coplan, R., & Rubin, K.H. (2011). Social withdrawal. In R.J.R. Levesque (Ed). Encyclopedia of Adolescence, (pp. 2817-2824). New York: Springer.
Booth-LaForce, C., Oh, W., Kennedy, A.E., Rubin, K.H., Rose-Krasnor, L., & Laursen, B. (2012). Parent and peer links to trajectories of anxious withdrawal from Grades 5-8. Journal of Clinical Child and Adolescent Psychology, 41, 138-149. DOI: 10.1080/15374416.2012.651995
Fredstrom, B., Rose-Krasnor, L., Campbell, K., Rubin, K.H., & Booth-LaForce, C.B. (2012). How socially withdrawn preadolescents think about friendship. Journal of Adolescence, 35, 451-455. DOI:10.1016/j.adolescence.2011.05.005
Lewis-Morrarty E., Degnan, K.A., Chronis-Tuscano, A., Rubin, K.H., Cheah, C.S.L., Pine, D.S., Henderson,, H.A., & Fox, N.A. (2012). Early Childhood Behavioral Inhibition and Parental Over-Control Interact to Predict Adolescent Social Anxiety. Journal of Abnormal Child Psychology, 40, 1363-1373. DOI:10.1007/s10802-012-9663-2
Menzer, M.M.*, McDonald, K.,* Rubin, K.H., Rose-Krasnor, L., Booth-LaForce, C., & Schulz Begle, A. (2012). Observed gossip moderates the link between anxious withdrawal and friendship quality in early adolescence. International Journal of Developmental Science, 6, 191–202. DOI 10.3233/DEV-1211079
Ferreira, D., Santos, A.J., Ribeiro, O., Freitas, M., Correia, J.V., Rubin, K. (2013) Isolamento social e sentimento de solidão em jovens adolescentes. (Social isolation and feelings of loneliness in young adolescents.). Análise Psicológica, 31 (2): 1-12. ISSN 0870-8231
Wang, J. M., Rubin, K. H., Laursen, B., Booth-LaForce, C, & Rose-Krasnor, L. (2013). Preference-for-solitude and adjustment difficulties in early vs. late adolescence. Journal of Clinical Child and Adolescent Psychology. 42, 834-842. DOI: 10.1080/15374416.2013.794700
Rubin, K. (2014). On solitude. In R. Coplan & J.C. Bowker (Eds.) A handbook of solitude: Psychological perspectives on social isolation, social withdrawal, and being alone. New York: Wiley.
Rubin, K.H. & Barstead, M.G.* (2014). Gender differences in child and adolescent social withdrawal: A commentary. Sex Roles, 70, 274-284. DOI: 10.1007/s11199-014-0357-9
Correia, J.V.; Santos, A.J.; Freitas, Miguel; Ribeiro, O.; Fernandes, E.; & Rubin, K.H.. (2014). As relações de pares de jovens socialmente retraídos, Análise Psicológica 32, 3: 467 - 479. DOI: 10.14417/ap.870\
Ribeiro, O., Santos, A.J., Freitas, M., Correia, J.V., & Rubin, K.H. (2015). O retraimento social em adolescentes: Um estudo descritivo do seu ajustamento sócio-emocional segundo a perspectiva dos professors. (Social Withdrawal in Adolescents: A Descriptive Study of their Socio-Emotional Adjustment from Teachers’ Perspectives). Temas em Psicologia, 23(2), 255-267. DOI: 10.9788/TP2015.2-02
Coplan, R.J., Ooi, L., Kirkpatrick, A., & Rubin, K.H (2015). Social and nonsocial play. In D.P. Fromberg & D. Bergen (Eds.), Play from birth to Twelve: Contexts, perspectives, and meanings – 3rd Edition. New York: Routledge.
Root, A., Hastings, P., & Rubin, K.H. (2016). The parenting behaviors of shy-anxious mothers: The moderating role of vagal tone. Journal of Child and Family Studies, 25, 1325-1333. DOI: 10.1007/s10826-015-0296-2
Rubin, K.H., Barstead, M.*, & Smith, K.*. (2016). Shyness in young children. In Couchenour, D. (Ed.). The SAGE Encyclopedia of Contemporary Early Childhood Education. (pp. 1221-1225). Thousand Oaks, CA: Sage. ISBN: 9781483340357. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.4135/9781483340333.n364
Bowker, J.C., Coplan, R., & Rubin, K.H. (2016). Social withdrawal. In R.J.R. Levesque (Ed). Encyclopedia of Adolescence. (pp. 1-14). New York: Springer. DOI: 10.1007/978-3-319-32132-5_124-2
Smith, K.*, Barstead, M.G.*, & Rubin, K.H. (2017). Personality traits as moderators of the relation between social withdrawal and internalizing problems. Journal of Youth and Adolescence. 46, 772-786. DOI: 10.1007/s10964-016-0594-zTop of Form
Rubin, K.H., Bowker, J.C., Barstead, M.G., & Coplan, R.J. (2018). Withdrawing from the peer group. In W. Bukowski, B. Laursen, & K.H. Rubin (Eds.), Handbook of peer interactions, relationships, and groups. (2nd Edition). New York: Guilford. ISBN 9781462525010
Rubin, K.H., Barstead, M.G.*, Smith, K.A.*, & Bowker, J.C. (2018). Peer relations and the Behaviorally Inhibited Child. In K. Perez-Edgar & N.A. Fox (Eds), Behavioral Inhibition during Childhood and Adolescence. Springer. ISBN: 978-3-319-98076-8
Barstead, M. G.*, Smith, K. A.*, Laursen, B. , Booth‐LaForce, C. , King, S.* and Rubin, K. H. (2018), Shyness, Preference for Solitude, and Adolescent Internalizing: The Roles of Maternal, Paternal, and Best‐Friend Support. Journal of Research on Adolescence, 28, 488-504. DOI:10.1111/jora.12350
Smith, K.A.*, Hastings, P.D., Henderson, H., & Rubin, K.H. (in press). Temperamental and physiological emotion regulation as moderators of the relations between behavioral inhibition and social reticence. Journal of Abnormal Child Psychology.
Rubin, K.H. & Barstead, M.* (2018). Social withdrawal and solitude. In M. Bornstein, Arterberry, M.E., Fingerman, K.L., & Lansford, J.E. (Eds). The SAGE Encyclopedia of Lifespan Human Development. (2101-2103). Thousand Oaks, CA: Sage. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.4135/9781506307633.n780
Rubin, K.H. & Coplan, R.J. (2010). The Development of Shyness and Social Withdrawal. New York: Guilford.
Gazelle, H. & Rubin, K.H. (2010). Social Anxiety in Childhood: Bridging Developmental and Clinical Perspectives. New Directions in Child and Adolescent Development, Vol. 127. San Francisco: Jossey Bass.
Rubin, K.H., Bowker, J.C., & Gazelle, H. (2010). Social withdrawal in childhood and adolescence: Peer relationships and social competence. In K.H. Rubin & R.J. Coplan (Eds), The Development of Shyness and Social Withdrawal in Childhood and Adolescence. (pp. 131-154). New York: Guilford.
Coplan, R.J. & Rubin, K.H. (2010). Social withdrawal and shyness in childhood: History, theories, definitions and assessment. In K.H. Rubin & R.J. Coplan (Eds), The Development of Shyness and Social Withdrawal in Childhood and Adolescence. New York: Guilford.
Hastings, P.D., Nuselovici, J.N., Rubin, K.H., & Cheah, C.S.L. (2010). Shyness, parenting, and parent-child relationships. In K.H. Rubin & R.J. Coplan (Eds), The Development of Shyness and Social Withdrawal in Childhood and Adolescence. New York: Guilford.
Kennedy Root, A.E. & Rubin, K.H. (2010). Gender and parents’ emotion socialization beliefs during the preschool years. In A.E. Kennedy Root & S. Denham (Eds.), Focus on Gender: Contributions to the Socialization of Emotional Competence. San Francisco: JosseyBass.
Gazelle, H. & Rubin, K.H. (2010). Social anxiety in childhood: Bridging Developmental and Clinical Perspectives. In H. Gazelle & K.H. Rubin (Eds). Social Anxiety in Childhood: Bridging Developmental and Clinical Perspectives. New Directions in Child and Adolescent Development. Vol. 227. San Francisco: Jossey Bass.
Bayer, J.K., Hastings, P.D., Sanson, A.V., Ukoumunne, O.C., & Rubin, K.H. (2010). Predicting mid childhood internalising difficulties: A longitudinal community study. International Journal of Mental Health Promotion, 12, 5-17.
Rubin, K.H., Kennedy Root, A.E., & Bowker, J.C. (2010). Parents, peers and social withdrawal in childhood: A relationship perspective. In H. Gazelle & K.H. Rubin (Eds). Social Anxiety in Childhood: Bridging Developmental and Clinical Perspectives. New Directions in Child and Adolescent Development. Vol. 227. San Francisco: Jossey Bass.
Rubin, K.H., Coplan, R., Bowker, J.C., & Menzer, M. (2011). Social inhibition and withdrawal in childhood. In P.K. Smith & C. Hart (Eds), Handbook of Childhood Social Development (2nd Edition). New York: Wiley-Blackwell.
Bowker, J.C., Coplan, R., & Rubin, K.H. (2011). Social withdrawal. In R.J.R. Levesque (Ed). Encyclopedia of Adolescence, (pp. 2817-2824). New York: Springer.
Booth-LaForce, C., Oh, W., Kennedy, A.E., Rubin, K.H., Rose-Krasnor, L., & Laursen, B. (2012). Parent and peer links to trajectories of anxious withdrawal from Grades 5-8. Journal of Clinical Child and Adolescent Psychology, 41, 138-149. DOI: 10.1080/15374416.2012.651995
Fredstrom, B., Rose-Krasnor, L., Campbell, K., Rubin, K.H., & Booth-LaForce, C.B. (2012). How socially withdrawn preadolescents think about friendship. Journal of Adolescence, 35, 451-455. DOI:10.1016/j.adolescence.2011.05.005
Lewis-Morrarty E., Degnan, K.A., Chronis-Tuscano, A., Rubin, K.H., Cheah, C.S.L., Pine, D.S., Henderson,, H.A., & Fox, N.A. (2012). Early Childhood Behavioral Inhibition and Parental Over-Control Interact to Predict Adolescent Social Anxiety. Journal of Abnormal Child Psychology, 40, 1363-1373. DOI:10.1007/s10802-012-9663-2
Menzer, M.M.*, McDonald, K.,* Rubin, K.H., Rose-Krasnor, L., Booth-LaForce, C., & Schulz Begle, A. (2012). Observed gossip moderates the link between anxious withdrawal and friendship quality in early adolescence. International Journal of Developmental Science, 6, 191–202. DOI 10.3233/DEV-1211079
Ferreira, D., Santos, A.J., Ribeiro, O., Freitas, M., Correia, J.V., Rubin, K. (2013) Isolamento social e sentimento de solidão em jovens adolescentes. (Social isolation and feelings of loneliness in young adolescents.). Análise Psicológica, 31 (2): 1-12. ISSN 0870-8231
Wang, J. M., Rubin, K. H., Laursen, B., Booth-LaForce, C, & Rose-Krasnor, L. (2013). Preference-for-solitude and adjustment difficulties in early vs. late adolescence. Journal of Clinical Child and Adolescent Psychology. 42, 834-842. DOI: 10.1080/15374416.2013.794700
Rubin, K. (2014). On solitude. In R. Coplan & J.C. Bowker (Eds.) A handbook of solitude: Psychological perspectives on social isolation, social withdrawal, and being alone. New York: Wiley.
Rubin, K.H. & Barstead, M.G.* (2014). Gender differences in child and adolescent social withdrawal: A commentary. Sex Roles, 70, 274-284. DOI: 10.1007/s11199-014-0357-9
Correia, J.V.; Santos, A.J.; Freitas, Miguel; Ribeiro, O.; Fernandes, E.; & Rubin, K.H.. (2014). As relações de pares de jovens socialmente retraídos, Análise Psicológica 32, 3: 467 - 479. DOI: 10.14417/ap.870\
Ribeiro, O., Santos, A.J., Freitas, M., Correia, J.V., & Rubin, K.H. (2015). O retraimento social em adolescentes: Um estudo descritivo do seu ajustamento sócio-emocional segundo a perspectiva dos professors. (Social Withdrawal in Adolescents: A Descriptive Study of their Socio-Emotional Adjustment from Teachers’ Perspectives). Temas em Psicologia, 23(2), 255-267. DOI: 10.9788/TP2015.2-02
Coplan, R.J., Ooi, L., Kirkpatrick, A., & Rubin, K.H (2015). Social and nonsocial play. In D.P. Fromberg & D. Bergen (Eds.), Play from birth to Twelve: Contexts, perspectives, and meanings – 3rd Edition. New York: Routledge.
Root, A., Hastings, P., & Rubin, K.H. (2016). The parenting behaviors of shy-anxious mothers: The moderating role of vagal tone. Journal of Child and Family Studies, 25, 1325-1333. DOI: 10.1007/s10826-015-0296-2
Rubin, K.H., Barstead, M.*, & Smith, K.*. (2016). Shyness in young children. In Couchenour, D. (Ed.). The SAGE Encyclopedia of Contemporary Early Childhood Education. (pp. 1221-1225). Thousand Oaks, CA: Sage. ISBN: 9781483340357. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.4135/9781483340333.n364
Bowker, J.C., Coplan, R., & Rubin, K.H. (2016). Social withdrawal. In R.J.R. Levesque (Ed). Encyclopedia of Adolescence. (pp. 1-14). New York: Springer. DOI: 10.1007/978-3-319-32132-5_124-2
Smith, K.*, Barstead, M.G.*, & Rubin, K.H. (2017). Personality traits as moderators of the relation between social withdrawal and internalizing problems. Journal of Youth and Adolescence. 46, 772-786. DOI: 10.1007/s10964-016-0594-zTop of Form
Rubin, K.H., Bowker, J.C., Barstead, M.G., & Coplan, R.J. (2018). Withdrawing from the peer group. In W. Bukowski, B. Laursen, & K.H. Rubin (Eds.), Handbook of peer interactions, relationships, and groups. (2nd Edition). New York: Guilford. ISBN 9781462525010
Rubin, K.H., Barstead, M.G.*, Smith, K.A.*, & Bowker, J.C. (2018). Peer relations and the Behaviorally Inhibited Child. In K. Perez-Edgar & N.A. Fox (Eds), Behavioral Inhibition during Childhood and Adolescence. Springer. ISBN: 978-3-319-98076-8
Barstead, M. G.*, Smith, K. A.*, Laursen, B. , Booth‐LaForce, C. , King, S.* and Rubin, K. H. (2018), Shyness, Preference for Solitude, and Adolescent Internalizing: The Roles of Maternal, Paternal, and Best‐Friend Support. Journal of Research on Adolescence, 28, 488-504. DOI:10.1111/jora.12350
Smith, K.A.*, Hastings, P.D., Henderson, H., & Rubin, K.H. (in press). Temperamental and physiological emotion regulation as moderators of the relations between behavioral inhibition and social reticence. Journal of Abnormal Child Psychology.
Rubin, K.H. & Barstead, M.* (2018). Social withdrawal and solitude. In M. Bornstein, Arterberry, M.E., Fingerman, K.L., & Lansford, J.E. (Eds). The SAGE Encyclopedia of Lifespan Human Development. (2101-2103). Thousand Oaks, CA: Sage. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.4135/9781506307633.n780